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400,00EUR

Sabac, anno 1493, woodcut by Schedel Hartmann, original
[4331]

Sabac, anno 1493, woodcut by Schedel Hartmann, original "Blatt 253 (CCLIII) aus "Das Buch der Croniken" in der deutschen Ausgabe" von Schedel bei Koberger, Nürnberg, 1493 Blattgröße: ca. 44,3 x 27,9 cm Mit der Ansicht von Sabatz und 1 Textholzschnitt. - beschnitten, fleckig und gebräunt, am Rand durchgängig mit unterlegter Stelle, vereinzelt Knickspuren, Randläsuren, unten am Rand mit kleiner Wurmspur, Gebrauchsspuren - Šabac Šabac (Serbian Cyrillic: ?????, pronounced [?âbat?s]) is a city located in the Ma?va region of western Serbia. It is situated on the banks of the Sava river near the Cer mountain. History This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Šabac" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Human settlements existed in this area in neolithic times.[3] In the Middle Ages, Slavic settlement named Zaslon existed at the current location of Šabac.[3] The settlement was mentioned in Ragusan documents from 1454. The settlement was part of the Serbian Despotate until it fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1459. In 1470, the Ottomans built the first fortress in the town and named it Bejerdelen (Bö?ürdelen, meaning "side-striker"). In 1476 the Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus captured the fort and it remained under administration of the Kingdom of Hungary until 1521, when it was again captured by the Ottomans. Under Hungarian administration, the town was part of the Banate of Ma?va whereas under Ottoman administration it was firstly part of the Sanjak of Zvornik within the Province of Bosnia, and later part of the Sanjak of Smederevo. Šabac was the administrative center of the Nahija of Šabac, a local Ottoman administrative unit. During the Ottoman period, Šabac was a typical oriental town with tiny streets, small shops and several mosques. The population was composed of both Muslims and Serbs.[3] Until the 19th century, Šabac was mostly under Ottoman administration, but control of the town also changed hands several times between the Ottoman Empire and Habsburg Monarchy. During the first period of Habsburg administration (1718-1739), Šabac was part of the Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia. After the Treaty of Belgrade (1739), Šabac reverted to Ottoman control and, with the new border line between the two empires, it gained importance as a border town, as well as a market town. A second period of Habsburg control of the area occurred in 1789-1790, the storming of the city being one of the early experiences of the renowned military leader Józef Poniatowski, although the Ottoman control over area was subsequently restored. Šabac became a site of importance in Serbian history in the First Serbian Uprising when, in 1806, Kara?or?e Petrovi? led the Serbian insurgents into one of the first victories over the Ottoman army near the nearby village of Mišar. Until 1813, the town was part of Kara?or?e's Serbia. After the fall of Serbia in 1813, brief period of restored Ottoman control followed, but after the Second Serbian Uprising in 1815, Šabac was included into autonomous Principality of Serbia. However, Ottoman army remained in the Šabac fort for next several decades. The Obrenovi? family also left a mark on the town as the place of residence of the enlightened Jevrem Obrenovi?, brother of Prince Miloš Obrenovi?, who modernized and urbanized it after the Second Serbian Uprising. The period from 1820-1850 saw the establishment for the first time in Šabac of a hospital, a pharmacy, a Serbian grammar school, a gymnasium, a theatre, and a musical society. The Ottoman army evacuated the fort of Šabac for good in 1867, marking the end of the Ottoman presence in the area. The first newspaper in the Kingdom of Serbia was printed in Šabac in 1883, and the town was also the first in Serbia where women started visiting kafanas (pubs) on Sunday afternoons, as was customary for men. The town prospered until the First World War when it was occupied and devastated by Austro-Hungarian army and had its population halved (from cca. 14,000 to 7,000). The World War I is also remembered for the battle on nearby Cer mountain where the Serbian army under general Stepa Stepanovi? won an early victory against Austria-Hungary in August 1914, the first Allied victory in the war.[citation needed] After the war, Šabac was decorated with the French War Cross with Palm (1920), the Czechoslovak War Cross (1925), and the Order of the Kara?or?e's Star with Swords (1934). Since 1918, the town is part of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed to Yugoslavia). From 1918 to 1922, it was administrative seat of Podrinje District, from 1922 to 1929 administrative seat of Podrinje Oblast, and from 1929 to 1941 it was part of the Drina Banovina. An early milestone in the Yugoslav era of the town's history was the opening of the Zorka chemical plant in 1938. The city's renewal was interrupted by World War II and occupation by German troops (from 1941–44). During the German occupation, Šabac was part of the area governed by the Military Administration in Serbia. Some 5,000 residents of Šabac were imprisoned along with 20,000 others in the Šabac concentration camp; including 1,200 fleeing Jews in the ill-fated Kladovo transport.
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